Noise – Noise is a visual distortion that looks like tiny, coloured specs on a photo. It is especially visible in images shot at high ISO or very slow shutter speeds. Noise is the digital photography version of film grain.

Neutral Density Filter – A neutral density (ND) filter is a photographic filter that reduces the intensity of light entering the camera lens without affecting its colour or hue. ND filters are commonly used in bright lighting conditions to achieve longer exposure times or wider apertures, allowing photographers to control shutter speed and aperture settings for creative effects such as motion blur, shallow depth of field, or balanced exposures in high-contrast scenes.

Night Photography – Night photography is a genre of photography that focuses on capturing images in low-light or nighttime conditions, typically after sunset or before sunrise. Night photography presents unique challenges and creative opportunities, requiring long exposures, tripod stabilization, and specialized techniques to capture the subtle nuances of light, colour, and mood in nocturnal landscapes, cityscapes, astrophotography, or urban environments.

Negative – The developed film or digital image file containing inverted colour and tonal information of the original scene captured by the camera. Negatives serve as the source material for producing photographic prints or digital images, with light and dark areas reversed in tonality compared to the final print or image. Negatives are typically scanned or printed onto photographic paper to create positive prints or digital reproductions.

Noise reduction – Noise reduction is a digital image processing technique used to reduce or suppress unwanted artifacts, distortions, or graininess in digital photographs caused by image sensor noise, low-light conditions, or high ISO sensitivity settings. Noise reduction algorithms analyse image data to identify and remove random or repetitive patterns of noise, preserving image detail and improving overall image quality.

Negative Space – Negative space, also known as white space or empty space, refers to the empty or unoccupied areas surrounding the main subject or focal point in a photograph. Negative space plays a crucial role in composition, balance, and visual storytelling, providing contrast, context, and breathing room to highlight the subject and draw the viewer’s attention.

Natural Light – Natural light refers to the ambient illumination provided by sunlight, moonlight, or other natural sources of light in a scene, without the use of artificial lighting equipment. Natural light photography harnesses the qualities of daylight, such as intensity, direction, colour temperature, and softness, to illuminate subjects and create visually compelling images with a natural, organic look and feel.